Joseph Miller, age 10, of Bird‑in‑Hard Penna,, for his question:

 

The equator is the belt around the wide waist of the worlds exactly half way between the two poles. Throughout the year, it gets more heat from the sun than any other place on earth. Its warm air is forever expanding and rising aloft. There it forms upper air currents, always flowing away from the equator. Throughout the year, day and night are equal and the weather alternates between long calms, thunderstorms and light, baffling winds,

As we leave the equator, the summer days get longer and the winter days get shorter. Summer's heat comes from the long hours of summer sunshine when the noon sun is high overhead. Winters are cold because the earth cannot capture enough heat from the short days when the sun is low in the sky, At the equator, the noon sun is always overhead and day and night are always equal. So there are no changing seasons, no winter or summer.